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Entry tags:
- alba,
- archaeology,
- breizh,
- brezhoneg,
- british sign language,
- celticity,
- cymraeg,
- cymru,
- ellan vannin,
- fingallian,
- gaeilge,
- gaelg,
- galo,
- gammon,
- gàidhlig,
- hallstatt,
- history,
- kernewek,
- kernow,
- la tène,
- medium: in english,
- normaund,
- normaund: auregnais,
- normaund: guernésiais,
- normaund: jèrriais,
- normaund: sercquiais,
- norn,
- romani,
- romani: angloromani,
- romani: scots-romani,
- romani: welsh romani,
- scots,
- scots: lallans,
- scots: ulstèr-scotch,
- teanga chomharthaíochta na h-éireann,
- yola | forth and bargy dialect,
- éire,
- îles d'la manche,
- îles d'la manche: aoeur'gny,
- îles d'la manche: guernési,
- îles d'la manche: haerme,
- îles d'la manche: jèrri,
- îles d'la manche: sèr
Brief explanation of some Celtic terms
there are 6 modern celtic languages spoken today, which can be divided into 2 branches: goidelic/gaelic and brittonic/brythonic.
the goidelic/gaelic languages:
**scottish gaelic can just be called gaelic, which helps distinguish it from scots (a germanic language related to english with different varieties spoken in scotland and ulster). scots is not a celtic language so it isn't related to scottish gaelic, but nevertheless people still get them confused with each other.
the brittonic/brythonic languages:
other points:
along with scots and ulster scots, there are a number of non-celtic minority languages that are spoken in the celtic nations, including british sign language, irish sign language, shelta, angloromani, welsh kalá, scots-romani, and gallo (in brittany). and near-by on the channel islands, there's also guernésiais, jèrriais, and sercquiais. historically, auregnais was also spoken on the channel island alderney; norn in the shetland and orkney islands; and yola and fingallian in ireland.
the goidelic/gaelic languages:
- gaeilge / gaeilg / gaeilic / gaelainn / irish / irish gaelic / gaelic*
- gàidhlig / scottish gaelic / scots gaelic / gaelic**
- gaelg / manx
**scottish gaelic can just be called gaelic, which helps distinguish it from scots (a germanic language related to english with different varieties spoken in scotland and ulster). scots is not a celtic language so it isn't related to scottish gaelic, but nevertheless people still get them confused with each other.
the brittonic/brythonic languages:
- cymraeg / welsh
- brezhoneg / breton
- kernewek / kernowek / kernûak / cornish***
other points:
- the celtic nations refers to the places where these 6 modern celtic languages are spoken: ireland, scotland, the isle of man, wales, brittany, and cornwall.
- celtic identity is very tied to the presence of a modern celtic language. there is nothing that all of the celtic nations have in common that isn't also shared by some other cultures, except for a celtic language. places without a modern celtic language are not celtic. a large part of europe and parts of west asia were celtic-speaking in the past, but it does not make them celtic now. there is no such thing as a "culturally celtic but not celtic-speaking" country/region.
- (also the hallstatt and la tène archaeological cultures and their spread cannot be reliably linked 1:1 with the spread of celtic cultures, nor can their art reliably be labelled as "celtic art")
- celtic languages and the cultures and histories attached to them are not interchangeable with each other. there is no one singular "celtic culture".
- gaelic does not mean the same thing as celtic. welsh, breton, and cornish are celtic languages, but they are not gaelic languages. "welsh gaelic" is not a thing.
along with scots and ulster scots, there are a number of non-celtic minority languages that are spoken in the celtic nations, including british sign language, irish sign language, shelta, angloromani, welsh kalá, scots-romani, and gallo (in brittany). and near-by on the channel islands, there's also guernésiais, jèrriais, and sercquiais. historically, auregnais was also spoken on the channel island alderney; norn in the shetland and orkney islands; and yola and fingallian in ireland.